Currently, Prof. Gastwirth typically teaches a one-year basic course in Statistics for Business and Economics and a graduate course in Distribution Theory. He also has taught advanced seminars in Statistics in Law and Public Policy, Statistical Measurement of Economic and Social Inequality. In the past, he has taught Advanced Probability and a Master's level class in Economic Statistics, including regression analysis.

Prof. Gastwirth has supervised about 20 Ph.D. students. Their thesis topics concerned a wide variety of topics, e.g. goodness of fit tests, robust estimation, a theoretical study of the information content of ordered data, estimation of the correlation coefficient, the prevalence of a disease with and measures of inequality from grouped data to protect the confidentiality and privacy of respondents, change-point methods for the analysis of data arising in equal employment cases, analysis of judge-jury agreement data.